Understanding Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and decreased mobility in the affected joints.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of osteoarthritis is not fully understood, but several factors can increase your risk of developing the condition. These include aging, genetics, joint injuries, obesity, repetitive stress on the joints, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes and gout.

Signs and Symptoms

Common symptoms of osteoarthritis include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. The symptoms may vary depending on the affected joint but often worsen over time, making it challenging to perform daily activities and affecting your overall quality of life.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of osteoarthritis typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history review, and imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans. Treatment options focus on relieving pain, improving joint function, and slowing the progression of the disease. Treatment may include medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, assistive devices, and in severe cases, surgery.